Details About Social Movements
| Movement/ Organisation |
Year | Place | Founder | Objectives |
| Brahmo Samaj (earlier Atmiya Sabha) | 1828 | Calcutta | Raja Ram Mohan Roy | Propagated monotheism, opposed incarnation, sacrifr- ices, existence of priests, idolatry, superstition and sati practices, Sought for reforms in Hindu society. |
| Young Bengal | (1826-1831) | Calcutta | Henry Louis Vivian Derozio | Opposed the vices in society, believed in truth, freedom and reason |
| Dharma Sabha | 1830 | Calcutta | Radha Kanta Deva | Opssposed to liberal and radical reforms, including Sati. |
| Namdhari/ Kuka Movement | 1841-1871 | N.W.F. Pro- vince | Bhai Balak Singh and Baba Ram Singh | A politico-religious movement of the Sikhs |
| Rahanumai Mazdayasan Sabha |
1851 | Bombay | S.S. Bangali, Dadabhai Naoroji Naoroji Furdonji, J.B. Nacha, etc. | Founded for the restoration of Zoro- astrian religion to its pristine glory and social regeneration of the Parsi community through modern education and emancipation of women. |
| Radha Swami Satsang | 1861 | Agra | Tulsi Ram also known as Shiv Dayal Saheb | Belief in one Supr- me Being, religious unity, emphasis on simplicity of social life and social service. |
| Prarthana Samaj |
1867 | Bombay | Atmaram Pandurang Govind Ranade | Worship and reform of society through emphasis on monotheism, uplift of women and abolition of caste discrimination. |
| Indian Reform Association | 1870 | Calcutta | Keshab Chandra Sen | To create public opinion against child marriages and for legalising the Brahmo form of civil marriage. To promote the intellectual and social status of Indian women. |
| The Theosop- hical Society | 1875 | New York (In India Adyar, Madras) | Madam H.P. Blavatsky, Col. H.S. Olcott (In India-Annie Besant) | Drew inspiration from Upanishads, Philosophy of the Vedanta, etc to aim at religious revival and social reform. |
| Deccan Education Society |
1884 | Pune | M.G. Ranade, V. G. Chib- donkar, G. G. Agarkar, etc. | To contribute to the cause of education and culture in Western India. The Society founded the Ferguson College, Pune in 1885. |
| Seva Sadan | 1885 | Bombay | Behramji M. Malabari | Campaign against child marriages and enforced widowhood and care for socially exploited women. |
| Indian National Social Conference | 1887 | Bombay | M.G. Ranade and Raghunath Rao | To focus attention on matters relating to social reforms. |
| Deva Samaj | 1887 | Lahore | Shiva Narain Agnihotri | Religious ideas closer to Brahmo Samaj. Impressed upon its followers to follow social code of conduct and ethics, such as not to accept bribe, indulge in gambling, consume intoxicants and non-vegetarian food. |
| Madras Hindu Association | 1892 | Madras | Viresalingam Pantalu |
A social purity movement concerned with the plight of widow and to combat the Devadasi System. |
| Ramakrishna Mission |
1897 | Bengal | Vivekananda | Sought to revive Hinduism based on ancient India’s religious texts and concepts (eg. Vedanta, etc); against caste restrictions, |
| Bharat Dharma Mahamandala | 1902 | Varanasi | Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya | Orginisation of the orthodox Hindus, |
| The Servants of India Society | 1905 | Bombay | Gopal Krishna Gokhale | To work for social reforms and to train “national missionaries for the service of India”. |
| Poona Seva Sadan | 1909 | Pune | G.K. Devadhar and Ramabai & Ranade | Women Empowerment |
| Nishkam Karma | 1910 | Pune | Dhondo Keshav | Educational progress |
| Math | Karve | of women, improving widows condition. Founded | ||
| Social Service League | 1911 | Bombay | Narayan Malhar Joshi | Improving the con- tion of the common masses, opened schools and librar- |
