LOWER CASTE MOVEMENTS AND ORGANISATIONS
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| Movement/ Organisation |
Year | Place | Founder | Objectives |
| Satya Shodhak Samaj | 1873 | Mahara shtra |
Jyotiba Phule | Opposed to untouchability, Priestly of Brahmin domination, belief in social equality and uplift of the lower castes by educating them. |
| Aravippuram Movement |
1888 | Aravip-puram, Kerala | Shri Narayan Guru (18561928) | Opposed to religious disabilities against lower castes, believed in social equality, attacked Brahmin of lower castes by educating them. Demanded free entry of the people of lower castes to the temples. |
| Shri Narayan Dharma | 1902-03 | Kerala | Shir Narayan | launched the temple entry movement. |
| Paripalana Yogam or S.N.D.P. Movement The Depressed | 1906 | Bombay | and Kumaran Asan V.R. Shinde |
|
| Class Mission Society Bahujan Samaj |
1910 | Satara, | Mukund Rao | Opposed to the exploitation of the lower castes by the upper caste Brahmins, landlords, merchants and moneylenders. |
| Justice (Party) Movement | 1915-16 | Mahara shtra Madras, |
Patil C.N. Mudaliyar |
A movement of the intermediate castes. |
| Depressed Cla- sses Welfare Institute (Bahis- kirt Hitkarini Sabha | 1924 | Bombay | P. Tyagaraja Chetti Dr. B. R. |
Opposed to Brahmin predominance in education, service and politics. |
| Self-Respect Movement | 1925 | Madras | Ambedkar E. V. Rama- swami Naicker | Demanded constitutional safeguards for the depressed classes. Anti-Brahmin and |
| (Tamilnadu) | Hindu orthhodoxy radical movement, which advocated wedding without priests, forcible temple entry, total defiance of Hindu social laws and also theism at times. | |||
| Harijan Sevak Sangh | 1932 | Pune | ‘Periyar’ Mahatma Gandhi |
An all-India organi- sation for the removal of untouch- ability and all social discriminations against untouchables and other lower castes. To provide medical, educational and technical facilities to untouchables. |
| Faqir Uprising | 1776 1777 |
Majnum Shah, Devi Chaudhrani | Bengal | Nil |
| Sanyasi Uprising |
1770 1820 |
Bengal | The immediate cause was the restrictions imposed upon pilgrims visiting holy places. | |
| Pagal Panthis | 1825-50 | Tipu Shah, Karam Shah | North East |
Resentment of peasants against oppression of Zamin- dars |
| Wahabi Movement | 1820- | Syyaid Ahmed of Rae Bareli | North West, Central India |
To revive and rest- ore Muslim power in India by overthrowing the Sikhs and the British |
| Kuka Revolt | 1860 1870 |
Jawahar Mal, Ram Singh | Punjab | In about 1840, its aim was to purify the sikh religion, after the conquest of Pujab by the British. The revival of Sikh sovereignty become their chief programme. |
| Ramosi Uprising |
1822 1825 |
Chittur Singh | Satara | In protest against heavy assessment of land revenue and very harsh methods of its collection. In 18251826 again rose in rebellion on account of acute famines and scarcity in Pune. |
| Gadkari Uprising |
1844 | Kolhapur | Against arbitrary methods of land revenue collection and then dismissal from service. | |
| Sawantwadi Revolt |
1844 | Phond Sawant, Anna Sahib | Appointment of a British administrator. To drive away the British. The revolt later transformed into a popular movement. | |
| Revolt of Velu Thampi | 1808 1809 |
Velu Thampi | Travancore | Against the British attempts to remove the Dewan-ship and the heavy burden imposed on the state through the subsidiary Alliance system. |
