RISE OF MAHAJANAPADAS
➮ The Buddhist text Anguttara Nikaya gives the list of sixteen Mahajanapadas at the time of Buddha.
➮ These Mahajanapadas extended from Northwestern Pakistan to east Bihar and from the Himalayas to the river Godavari.
Mahajanapada Capital Area
| Mahajanapada | Capital | Area |
| Anga | Champa | Bhagalpur, Munger (Bihar) |
| Magadha | Rajgriha | Patna, Gaya (Bihar) |
| Kasi | Varanasi | Near Varanasi |
| Kosal | Saketa, Sravasti | Eastern Uttar Pradesh |
| Vajji (Ganasangha) | Vaishali | Muzaffarpur (Bihar) |
| Malla | Kusinara/Pava | Gorakhpur (U.P.) |
| Chedi | Suktimati | Bundelkhand (U.P.) |
| Vatsa | Kaushambi | Allahabad (U.P.) |
| Kuru | Indraprastha | Meerut Delhi region |
| Panchal | Ahicchatra, Kampilya | Western U.P. |
| Sursena | Mathura | Mathura (U.P.) |
| Gandhar | Taxila | Peshawar (Pakistan) |
| Kamboja | Rajpura | Near Gandhar |
| Asmak | Paithan | Godhavari area (M.H.) |
| Avanti | Ujjain, Mahishmati | Malwa region |
| Matsya | Viratnagar | Near Jaipur |
➮ Kashi was famous for its cotton textiles and market for horses.
➮ Champa was noted for its trade and Commerce.
➮ Vajji represented a confederacy of eight clans.
➮ The Buddha died in the vicinity of Kusinara.
➮ The Northern Panchalas had their capital at Ahicchatra.
➮ The Southern Panchalas had their Capital at Kampilya.
➮ Viratnagar was used as the hiding place by Pandavas.
➮ Mathura was located at the junction of two famous trade routes i.e. Uttrapatha and Dakshinapatha.
➮ The Kambojas were regarded as uncultured by the Brahmanical texts.
➮ The Buddha calls himself Kosalan in the Majjhima Nikaya.
➮ Kashi had emerged as a cloth manufacturing center by the time of Buddha.
