The Mughal Empire

Zahiruddin Babar
➮ Babur had the prestige of being a descendent of the two most famous warriors of Asia, Changez and Taimur.
➮ The ‘Charbaghs’ the symmetrically laid out gardens with flowing waters and fountains were introduced in India by Babar.

HUMAYUN (1530-1540, 1555-1556 A.D.)

➮ Nasiruddin Muhammad Humayun succeeded Babur.
➮ Humayun ruled from 1530 A.D. to 1540 A.D. and again from 1555-1556 A.D.
➮ Humayun built Dinpanah in Delhi as his second capital.
➮ In 1539, Afghan leader Sher Shah defeated him at Chausa (Bihar)
➮ In 1540 Sher Shah again defeated him in the battle of Kannauj.
➮ After the battle of Kannauj (1540) Humayun fled, took shelter for a few days at Amarkot (ruler Rana Virsala)
➮ In 1545, he went to Shah Tahmasp’s court in Persia (Iran) and aided him in conquering Kandhar.
➮ In 1551 Askari was exiled to Mecca.
➮ In 1553 Kabul was occupied and Kamran was blinded and sent to Mecca.
➮ Captured Lahore in 1555 from Sikandar Sur, Governor of Punjab, then Delhi and Agra.
➮ Humayun died in 1556 A.D. of fall from his library Sher Mandal.
➮ Humayun’s tomb is situated in Delhi.
➮ Humayun’s tomb was built by his widow Hamida Banu Begum.
➮ Mirza Inayatullah was the chief architect of Humayun’s tomb.
➮ Humayun brought two painters from Iran, Mir Sayyid Ali and Abdus Samad.