Quit India Movement (1942)
➮ Quit India resolution was passed on August 8, 1942, at Gowalia Tank, Bombay.
➮ Gandhiji told the British to quit ‘Leave Indian in God’s hand’. His message was ‘Do or Die.’
➮ It was the only all-India movement, which was leaderless. In many areas, the government lost all control and the people established swaraj.
➮ Ram Manohar Lohia, Aruna Asaf Ali, Achyut Patwardhan and Jayaprakash Narayan emerged as leader.
➮ Usha Mehta started underground Radio.
➮ The movement did not evoke much response from the merchant community. They had profited heavily during the war.
The parallel Governments
➮ Parallel governments were established.
I. Satara — under Nana Patil II. Tamluk Jatiya Sarkar Midhapur, West Bengal — under Satish Samant. III. Balia — under Chittu Pandey IV. Katak — under Lakshman Nayak.
The Indian National Army
➮ After releasing from jail Bose was kept in his home in Calcutta.
From there they escaped secretly on 14 Jan 1941 and finally reached Berlin via Kabul, and Moscow on March 28, 1941.
➮ Bose was well received by Ribbon trop, the foreign minister of Germany, that he would broadcast anti-British propaganda from Berlin and raise free Indian units from Indian prisoners of war in Germany.
➮ The Idea of the Indian National Army to liberate India was originally conceived by Rasbihari Bose, who fled to Japan in 1915 and had become a Japanese citizen, with the help of Mohan Singh, an Indian officer of the British India Army in Malaya.
➮ Later Rasbihari Bose handed over the chairmanship of INA to S.C. Bose.
➮ Rani Lakshmi Bai Regiment was established by Lakshmi Swaminathan.
formed in Rangoon & Singapore.
➮ INA had three fighting brigades – the Gandhi Brigade, the Nehru brigade & Azad brigade. Rani Jhansi brigade was an exclusive women’s force.
➮ S.C. Bose gave a call from Jubilee place of Rangoon. “You give me blood and I will give you freedom”.
➮ INA won Andaman and Nicobar Island in December 1943 and named them ‘Shahid’ and ‘Swaraj’ respectively.
➮ Abid Husain escaped Gandhi Brigade from the British Army. He was given the title Sardar-A-Jung’ by S.C. Bose for his daring work.
INA Trials
➮ INA trials were held at Red Fort, Delhi.
➮ P. K. Sehgal, Shah Nawaj, and Gurbaksh Singh Dhillon were put on trial at the Red Fort.
➮ Congress took up its defense.
➮ Bhula bai Desai, Tejbahadur Sapru, J.L. Nehru, K.N. Katju, and Arun Asaf Ali appeared for the defence.
➮ Muslim League also joined the countrywide protest.
➮ Wavell used veto power and set them free.
➮ November 12, 1945, was celebrated as INA Day.
